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Old 16th March 2009, 20:27   #1  |  Link
unix_sansei
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encoding to blu-ray

looking for a bit of knowledge.

i'm going to make a blu-ray for my film. my images are 4k x 6k @16bit, all audio tracks are 32/192, running time about 23 minutes or ~32,000 frames

quality is absolute benchmark, no artifacts, don't care if takes a week to encode.

for the blu-ray target at aspect ratio of 1.66, what's a good encoder and downsampler?

cheers

Last edited by Guest; 16th March 2009 at 21:01. Reason: rule 12: don't ask what's best!
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Old 19th March 2009, 23:40   #2  |  Link
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Is there a reason you are targeting MPEG-2 versus VC-1 or AVC?

Are you looking for a professional tool?
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Old 20th March 2009, 01:00   #3  |  Link
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Originally Posted by Biggiesized View Post
Is there a reason you are targeting MPEG-2 versus VC-1 or AVC?

Are you looking for a professional tool?


Thanks for reply.

I'm looking for the best 'professional' but low-cost solution. It's only a short film.

From what i've seen and read and experimented with the VC-1 codec seems lacking a bit, and the only tools besides Microsoft are expensive. The specs for VC-1 in pro mode is very good at 135MB/s for 1080p frames at 24fps. To be honest I haven't researched AVC very much, but it seems it is more well suited for maximum compression. I'm looking for opposite, minimum compression.

What do you suggest?
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Old 20th March 2009, 03:55   #4  |  Link
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To be honest I haven't researched AVC very much, but it seems it is more well suited for maximum compression. I'm looking for opposite, minimum compression.
This is somewhat misleading, as it appears to conflate two meanings of the word "compression": noticeable compression artifacts on the one hand, and compressing raw video on the other - a process that need not introduce unpleasant artifacts. Up to the point of bitrate saturation - a location codec developers are much more qualified to discuss than I am - AVC provides better image quality than MPEG-2 at a given bitrate. On that basis, you should use AVC where you're working with a player that can handle it: either you hit the bit rate at which MPEG-2 would be transparent, and thus you're at a point where AVC would be transparent too, or you fall short of MPEG-2 transparency, in which case AVC should provide a better picture at that bitrate. FYI, the free software encoder x264 is considered to be at worst tied for first with Ateme's H.264 codec and at best the highest-quality H.264 encoder available, according to past codec comparisons here. So I wouldn't worry too much about cost
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Old 20th March 2009, 12:30   #5  |  Link
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Originally Posted by unix_sansei View Post
The specs for VC-1 in pro mode is very good at 135MB/s for 1080p frames at 24fps. To be honest I haven't researched AVC very much, but it seems it is more well suited for maximum compression. I'm looking for opposite, minimum compression.
You are aware that the maximum bitrate for blu-ray is 40MB/s?

I would say AVC is superior to MPEG2 at all (sane) bitrates.
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Old 20th March 2009, 12:34   #6  |  Link
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Originally Posted by unix_sansei View Post
maximum compression. I'm looking for opposite, minimum compression.?
That doesn't make any sense.

"Better compression" means lower bitrate for the same quality... or better said, better quality at the same bitrate. Why would you want worse quality at the same bitrate (minimum compression)?
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Old 20th March 2009, 13:52   #7  |  Link
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Originally Posted by unix_sansei View Post
I'm looking for the best 'professional' but low-cost solution. It's only a short film.
If it were longer then it might be worth a "high-cost" solution? I laughed when I read this.

Quote:
I'm looking for opposite, minimum compression.
I have a friend who's made a short film (maybe 25min) and it takes a couple hundred gigabytes on his Mac. He's having a hard time imagining that it might be squeezed to a DVD+5 or a DVD DL and still look good. You gotta jump into the pool (i.e. start trying things and learning what is possible). I'd start with x264; can't get cheaper than free.
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Old 20th March 2009, 21:19   #8  |  Link
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If it were longer then it might be worth a "high-cost" solution? I laughed when I read this.

I have a friend who's made a short film (maybe 25min) and it takes a couple hundred gigabytes on his Mac. He's having a hard time imagining that it might be squeezed to a DVD+5 or a DVD DL and still look good. You gotta jump into the pool (i.e. start trying things and learning what is possible). I'd start with x264; can't get cheaper than free.
I know the feeling, I'm sitting on 1.5 TB of images wonderiing how to get quality on a DVD, so I gave up DVD and just jumping into a Blu-Ray encoding.

I have noticed that it's slightly better to downsize in two or more stages, don't go for broke reducing to final size, let the resize divide by 2 then 2 again, I can't say numbers but qualitatively, the edges seem to be sharper.
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Old 20th March 2009, 21:23   #9  |  Link
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Originally Posted by ark Shikari View Post
That doesn'ake any sense.

"Better compression" means lower bitrate for the same quality... or better said, better quality at the same bitrate. Why would you want worse quality at the same bitrate (minimum compression)?
i would rather have 'minimal' compression at maximum bitrate, a big fat, fast pipe shoving data at the decompressor.

similarly, if you look at LZW, it does zero compression, so it has tremendously large files but quality is absolute. if you look at the same jpeg2000 image it's a joke.
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Old 20th March 2009, 21:29   #10  |  Link
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Originally Posted by Audionut View Post
You are aware that the maximum bitrate for blu-ray is 40MB/s?

I would say AVC is superior to MPEG2 at all (sane) bitrates.
yes but the VC-1 spec supports 135MB/s at 1080p, although i haven't seen anyone implement this mode. even if the Blu-Ray is used a storage medium and not playable, i.e., just pull the data off the disk and let the computer play the file.

VC-1 specs
L4 135 Mbps 1920 × 1080 @ 60 Hz (1080p)
2048 × 1536 @ 24 Hz
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Old 20th March 2009, 21:59   #11  |  Link
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Originally Posted by unix_sansei View Post
yes but the VC-1 spec supports 135MB/s at 1080p
135MB/s is greater than the bitrate of raw YUV. Even at 60fps, huffyuv would be smaller.

And it makes no sense to say "the spec supports" since actual specs don't place real limits on the bitrate the encoder can use. The "limits" are only for compatibility with certain defined levels, not the spec as a whole.
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Old 20th March 2009, 23:24   #12  |  Link
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Originally Posted by Dark Shikari View Post
135MB/s is greater than the bitrate of raw YUV. Even at 60fps, huffyuv would be smaller.
You are sure ... its 135 Mbps and not 135 MB/s.

135 Mbps is extremely high quality but inferior at lossless bitrate in general case for 1080p60 even with really high efficiency lossless codec.
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Old 21st March 2009, 02:33   #13  |  Link
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Originally Posted by Sagittaire View Post
You are sure ... its 135 Mbps and not 135 MB/s.

135 Mbps is extremely high quality but inferior at lossless bitrate in general case for 1080p60 even with really high efficiency lossless codec.
i did mention that my images are B&W full 16-bit, 2bytes, I'd like to keep instead of dithering or rounding.

Last edited by unix_sansei; 21st March 2009 at 02:33. Reason: typos
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Old 21st March 2009, 02:35   #14  |  Link
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Originally Posted by unix_sansei View Post
i did mention that my images are B&W full 16-bit, 2bytes, I'd like to keep instead of dithering or rounding.
Impossible. Blu-ray doesn't support bit depths beyond 8-bit.
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Old 21st March 2009, 02:37   #15  |  Link
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Originally Posted by Dark Shikari View Post
135MB/s is greater than the bitrate of raw YUV. Even at 60fps, huffyuv would be smaller.

And it makes no sense to say "the spec supports" since actual specs don't place real limits on the bitrate the encoder can use. The "limits" are only for compatibility with certain defined levels, not the spec as a whole.
i'm only concerned with 24fps, i'll let whatever player worry about the pulldown.

well the "specs" are a reference point.
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Old 21st March 2009, 02:39   #16  |  Link
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Originally Posted by Dark Shikari View Post
Impossible. Blu-ray doesn't support bit depths beyond 8-bit.
does it support log LUT?
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Old 21st March 2009, 02:42   #17  |  Link
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Originally Posted by unix_sansei View Post
does it support log LUT?
No. It supports exactly what you'd think it would--and nothing more, i.e., YV12. It might support 4:2:2 if you're lucky, not sure about that.

Last edited by Dark Shikari; 21st March 2009 at 02:46.
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Old 22nd March 2009, 18:22   #18  |  Link
unix_sansei
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Originally Posted by Sagittaire View Post
You are sure ... its 135 Mbps and not 135 MB/s.

135 Mbps is extremely high quality but inferior at lossless bitrate in general case for 1080p60 even with really high efficiency lossless codec.
what lossless codecs are available to encode to a blu-ray stream then question is are there tools to merge the lossless stream with dds or 5.1 surround? i've worked with usual tools for DVD but not with Blu-ray.
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Old 22nd March 2009, 19:40   #19  |  Link
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Hi!
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are there tools to merge the lossless stream with dds or 5.1 surround?
"tsMuxer" can do that for you - and also create the required folders/files for BluRay discs...
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Old 23rd March 2009, 10:26   #20  |  Link
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what lossless codecs are available to encode to a blu-ray stream
None. If your using PC for playback just mux the video and audio to MKV and burn the file to disc.
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