Tech Details on Video/Audio Hardware, Signal, Standards, Connector, Cable, etc

tareek · 3rd February 2006, 11:51

Please ONLY Add Tech Details on Video/Audio Hardware, Signal, Standards, Connector, Cable, etc Here .

Requesting all users, to add related data only .

This article should help to reduce many questions, confusions .

(Goto Index (next post) now)

Please Read/Follow these few Request/Rules, before you post in this thread :

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------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q. What is in this guide ? how can i read on the subject that i'm looking for ?

A. It contains Tech Details on Video/Audio Hardware, Signal, Standards, Connector, Cable, etc submitted by various users . See the below "Index" . Simply click on any word in Index, to goto the post/article .

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Audio/Video Standards Guide 1st Page

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tareek · 3rd February 2006, 11:52

Contents / Index ( 01 of 02 ) :

(Mods, Admins are always welcome to edit this or above post)

Radio frequency (RF) : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , .

TV Standards :

NTSC : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , .
PAL : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , .
SECAM : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , .
EDTV : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , .
HDTV : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , .
DTV : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , .

TV Type :

CRT : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , .
DLP : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , .
RP-LCD : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , .
Plasma : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , .
LCD (FP) : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , .
LCoS : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , .
SED : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , .

Monitor Type:

CRT : Pg 3 (by Tareek) , .
LCD : Pg 3 (by Tareek) , .

Projector Type:

Film : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , .

Audio Signal :

SPDIF : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , .

Video Signal :

Composite Video : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , .
S-Video : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , .
Component : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , .
SoG : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , .
RGB : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , .
VGA : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , .
DV : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , .

Connector :

TRS : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , .
RCA : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , .
SCART : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , .
VGA : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , .
S-Video : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , .
Tulip : Pg 3 (by Tareek) , .
BNC : Pg 3 (by Tareek) , .
RJ : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , .
TOSLINK : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , .
HDMI : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , .
DVI : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , .

Cable :

Various Cables : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , .
Co-Axial : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , .
UTP : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , .
Fibre Optics : Pg 3 (by Tareek) , .

Wireless :

Digital Compression :

MPEG4
VC-1

tareek · 3rd February 2006, 11:52

Contents / Index ( 02 of 02 ) :

tareek · 3rd February 2006, 11:53

Abbreviation / Hot / common word /terms :

aka : Also Known As .
Pg : Page .
PM : Private Messege .

tareek · 3rd February 2006, 11:54

Data on Audio video

tareek · 3rd February 2006, 11:54

RF : Radio Frequency . co-axial cable . RF connector (aka : F Connector/plug/socket, max 3 GHz) .

tareek · 3rd February 2006, 11:55

NTSC :

is mostly used in North America .

National Television System Committee .

RF audio-video pattern .

TVs uses 60 Hz refresh rate .

color info is at sub-carrier of 3.58 MHz (NTSC) (3.579545 MHz + 10 Hz) . by phase shifting this sub-carrier against the color sync signal (color burst), various hues are maintained .

resolution : 640 x 482 (NTSC) , 320 x 482 (NTSC VHS) , 648 x 486 (NTSC Digital) , 720 x 486 (D-1 NTSC) , 720 x 540 (D-1 NTSC square px) , .

tareek · 3rd February 2006, 11:56

PAL :

is mostly used in Asia, western Europe, throughout the Pacific, southern Africa .

Phase Alternating Line .

PAL uses wider channel bandwidth than NTSC, so better picture .

TVs uses 50 Hz refresh rate .

color info is at sub-carrier of 4.43 MHz (PAL) (4.43361875 MHz + 5 Hz) . by phase shifting this sub-carrier against the color sync signal (color burst), various hues are maintained .

resolution : 720 x 576 (PAL) , 720 x 486 (PAL Digital) , 720 x 576 (D-1 PAL) , 768 x 576 (D-1 PAL square px) , .

tareek · 3rd February 2006, 11:56

SECAM : is mostly used in France, easter europe, middle east, africa .

tareek · 3rd February 2006, 11:57

TV :

Television . aka SDTV . Standard Definition Television .

NTSC 480i . PAL 625i .

i stands for Interlace Scan Format . p stands for Progressive Scan Format . in interlace scan mode, only odd numbered lines out of all the horizontal (picture) lines are displayed in one cycle of the picture scan on the screen . rest of the other even numbered lines are displayed in the next scan cycle . when tv displays all the horizontal picture lines in every/one cycle of the picture scan, then it is progressive scan, (like computer monitor) . progressive scan is better than interlace scan .

uses RF transmission signals through air . or, directly supplied video signal, like, (composite) video, S-Video, component, RGB, DV, etc .

color info is at sub-carrier of 4.43 MHz (PAL) (4.43361875 MHz + 5 Hz), 3.58 MHz (NTSC) (3.579545 MHz + 10 Hz) . by phase shifting this sub-carrier against the color sync signal (color burst), various hues are maintained .

standard TV aspect ratio is 4:3 . Wide-screen (aka HDTV) tv aspect ratio is 16:9 .

if source signal's aspect ratio is 1.78:1, it will fill up the full wide-screen tv . if it is 2.35:1, then you will see black bars at top & bottom (with full width) (aka letterboxing) .

See Page 2 also, for various types of TV .

tareek · 3rd February 2006, 11:57

HDTV :
High Definition TV .

HDTV is better than Standard TV (PAL, NTSC, SECAM) .

resolution :
1080i : 1920 x 1080 . Horizontal 1920 pixels per line . 1080 vertical lines .
720p : 1280 x 720 . Horizontal 1280 pixels per line . 720 vertical lines .

uses 20 Mbps bandwidth .

16 x 9 aspect ratio screen .

if source signal's aspect ratio is 1.78:1, it will fill up the full wide-screen tv . if it is 2.35:1 (anamorphic), then you will see black bars at top & bottom (with full width) (aka letterboxing) .

tareek · 3rd February 2006, 11:58

Digital Film Standard Resolution (aka Academy standard) 2048 x 1536 .

tareek · 3rd February 2006, 11:58

Composite video :

CVBS . aka : video, baseband video .

one signal .

better than RF (PAL, NTSC, SECAM) video signal .

Chroma (colour Red-Green-Blue info), Video (monochrome info), Blanking (picture frame defining signal) and Sync (synchronising pulses for keeping the picture straight, horizontally and vertically) are mixed together .

RCA connector . older models may contain BNC connector . or, SCART .

Vertical sync pulse is 25 Hz (PAL) (aka : frame), 30 Hz (NTSC), so vertical field frequency is 50 Hz (PAL), 60 Hz (NTSC) .

Horizontal Sync Pulse for NTSC is 525 (scanning lines per frame) x 30 (frames) =15750 Hz, for PAL it is 625 (lines) x 25 (frames) = 15625 Hz .

normally, amplitude of composite video signal is 1 V p-p .

tareek · 3rd February 2006, 11:59

S-Video :

Separate video . aka : Y/C, C/Y, super video, S-VHS .

two analog signal . better than composite video signal .

4 pin mini-DIN (newer), 8 pin DIN (older), SCART, etc connector .

use high quality 75 ohm co-axial cable (use less than 50 meters long cable, for good quality) .

Luminance =Y =brightness signal (aka : LUMA), and, modulated chrominance =C =color subcarrier information/signal .

those each signal, are using synchronized signal/ground 2 wires, so two signals have 4 wires . and the common/shielding is 1 wire .

more luminance bandwidth info, and, less color crosstalk (aka : cross-color, moiré), than the composite video signal . so better than composite video signal . color is mixed (Cb & Cr) and can be PAL, NTSC or SECAM, etc .

Code:

            S-Video
    4 pin               7pin
       o  o                o   o
    o        o          o         o    1=Ground
  o            o      o  4  5  3   o   2=Ground
 o   4 w w 3    o    o   w  w  w    o  3=Luminance
o   2 w   w 1    o  o   w  w  w  w   o 4=Chrominance
o                o  o   2  6  7  1   o 5= -
o                o  o                o 6=Composite Vdo
 o              o    o              o  7=Ground
  o            o      o            o
    o        o          o        o
      o  o o              o  o o
1=Ground                  
2=Ground
3=Luminance
4=Chrominance

tareek · 3rd February 2006, 12:01

SCART connector :

Syndicat des Constructeurs d'Appareils Radiorécepteurs et Téléviseurs (French-originated) . aka : Péritel (France), Euroconnector .

21-pin connector, EN50049 .

for connecting audio-visual equipment together .

can carry Composite, RGB, SVHS (S-Video), etc signals, as well as audio and other signal .

better than other connectors .

Code:

male SCART port pinout
+--------------------------------------------+
|   2   4   6   8   10  12  14  16  18  20  /
|                                          /
| 1   3   5   7   9   11  13  15  17  19   | 21
+------------------------------------------+

(1). Audio output, right . (2). Audio input, right .
(3). Audio output, left . (4). Audio ground .
(5). Blue ground . (6). Audio input left .
(7). Blue . (8). Function switching (see below) .
(9). Green ground . (10). D²B input .
(11). Green . (12). D²B output .
(13). Red/Chroma (C) ground . (14). D²B ground .
(15). Red/Chroma . (16). Fast switching (see below) .
(17). Composite video ground/sync ground/Luminance (Y) ground .
(18). Fast switching ground .
(19). Composite video output/sync output/Luminance (Y) output .
(20). Composite video input/sync input/Luminance (Y) input .
(21). Common ground (metal shield) .

tareek · 3rd February 2006, 12:01

Componet Video :

aka : YPbPr, YCbCr, YUV .

contains luminance (Y) signal and separate chrominance (PR and PB) elements .

3 signals .

As each (separate) signals are maintained in their own medium (and not through one or two wires), a very very high quality picture with (very precise color representation) is possible .

better than S-Video, composite video signal .

Many DVD players have RCA connector for Y, Cb, and Cr video signals . Many HDTV have RCA connecor for Y, Pb, and Pr .

Y signal contains Black & White composite video signal and Luminance Brightness info and composite sync info signal . Cr and Cb signals each contains matrixed color difference info to extract Red/Blue from the Y signal . when Red and Blue part is taken out (or, accounted for), remaining part must be Green .

DVDs are usually encoded with component video signals, for high quality .

supports progressive, non-interlaced signal .

tareek · 3rd February 2006, 12:02

SoG :

aka : RGsB, Sync On Green, RGB+CompositeVideo .

3 signals .

better than Component Video, S-Video, Composite Video signals .

BNC connector .

like RGB signal, but sync signal is mixed with Green color signal .

tareek · 3rd February 2006, 12:03

RGB :

aka RGBS, RGB+CompositeSync .

4 signals .

better than SoG, Component, S-Video, Composite Video signals .

BNC connector .

three different color (R, G, B) signals and one Composite Sync (S) signal containing H & V pulses .

better than S-Video & component video signal .

tareek · 3rd February 2006, 12:04

VGA :

five major analog signals . RGBHV . three RGB signal with two separatge sync signals .

uses 15 pin High Density D-Type (VGA HD15) connector .

better than RGB, SoG, Component, S-Video, Composite Video signals .

non-interlaced .

Code:

    VGA connector pinout
+--------------------------------+
\      1   2   3   4   5         /
 \   6   7   8   9   10         /
  \    11  12  13  14  15      /
   \                          /
    \+----------------------+/

Pin Signal name Description
(1) RED Red video signal .
(2) GREEN Green video signal .
(3) BLUE Blue video signal .
(4) n.c. No connect .
(5) GND Ground .
(6) RED_RTN Red video signal return .
(7) GREEN_RTN Green video signal return .
(8) BLUE_RTN Blue video signal return .
(9) n.c. No connect .
(10) GND Ground .
(11) n.c. No connect .
(12) SDA I2C data .
(13) HSYNC Horizontal synchronization signal .
(14) VSYNC Vertical synchronization signal .
(15) SCL I2C clock .

tareek · 3rd February 2006, 12:05

DV :

Digital Video . aka : DV , Firewire .

Firewire cable .

iLink connector/port .

no data loss .

better than VGA, RGB, SoG, Component, S-Video, Composite Video signals . also depends on source's encoding, quality type .

3rd February 2006, 11:51	#1 \| Link
tareek Registered User Join Date: Oct 2005 Location: California, USA Posts: 111	Tech Details on Video/Audio Hardware, Signal, Standards, Connector, Cable, etc Please ONLY Add Tech Details on Video/Audio Hardware, Signal, Standards, Connector, Cable, etc Here . Requesting all users, to add related data only . This article should help to reduce many questions, confusions . (Goto Index (next post) now) Please Read/Follow these few Request/Rules, before you post in this thread : 1. Please keep this thread like an online book on this article, in this forum category, so, please don't ask for help (or discuss anything) in this thread . Start your own new different thread (or, PM) for help (or discuss) on whatever that you want to . If you find wrong data, or, want to congratulate, or, criticize, or, communicate, then send PM to the user, or, users, or, mod(s) . Many thanks . 2. PLEASE submit/post ONLY factual data . Real valid verifiable data/information ONLY , related to this article . Many thanks . 3. If you're posting a similar category/chapter data, which (if) you've posted before, then please goto your own first post on that chapter . Edit your 1st post and put/update your data inside . In that way, "Index" will be smaller, similar data will/can be kept closer & within less pages, will be more easier to find & read . Many thanks . 4. Don't delete your own post, because it mass-ups the "Page" navigation by moving all the next page's 1st post into the previous page . Thus, clicking on the page will be in-operable . Many are using each page's 1st post's id, in the "post" bbcode tag, to goto that page . Instead of deleting your post, please add some valuable data in that post of yours . thanks again . ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q. What is in this guide ? how can i read on the subject that i'm looking for ? A. It contains Tech Details on Video/Audio Hardware, Signal, Standards, Connector, Cable, etc submitted by various users . See the below "Index" . Simply click on any word in Index, to goto the post/article . ------------------------------------------------------- Q. How to link to a specific post ? A. Use the "POST" bbcode ... (Or, goto board's help page) [post]postid[/post] [post=postid]name[/post] for example ... If you want to link the "Index" post, then hover/move your mouse pointer on the "Index" post's "Link" word, which is located at the right side of the posting date . (Which is just one row above the poster's/user's name) . Now you'll see the link's url at the bottom status bar, remember the last numbers, those are "postid" . Or, right click on "Link" and select "Copy Shortcut" (for IE) . now, use the [post] and [/post] bbcode to wrap that number to make the reference on that post . [post]779681[/post] above code will result in / appear like below ... http://forum.doom9.org/showthread.php?p=779681 [post=779681]Index[/post] above code will result in / appear like below ... Index ------------------------------------------------------- Q. How to link to a specific page ? A. To link to the first page use the "THREAD" bbcode & thread id . [thread]thread_id[/thread] [thread=thread_id]thread_name[/thread] To link to the (first page of) "Tech Guide" thread/article, find the thread id . Hover/move your mouse pointer on the open folder (small icon picture) at the top of the page, in the left side of the thread's name, and, now you'll see the thread's url at the bottom status bar, remember the last numbers, those are "thread_id" . Or, right click and select "Copy Shortcut" (for IE) . [thread]106753[/thread] above code will result in / appear like below ... http://forum.doom9.org/showthread.php?t=106753 [thread=106753]Audio/Video Standards Guide 1st Page[/thread] above code will result in / appear like below ... Audio/Video Standards Guide 1st Page For other pages than the first page, use the "URL" bbcode . Add the code "&page=N" (where N is page number) at the end of the thread's link url, to link to a specific page . [url=http://forum.doom9.org/showthread.php?t=106753&page=2]Audio/Video Standards Guide, Page 2[/url] above code will appear like below ... Audio/Video Standards Guide, Page 2 As the URL bbcode opens up another browser window, it is better to link to the first post in the other pages (by using the POST bbcode), so that, same window remains . __________________ - Tareek Last edited by tareek; 11th February 2006 at 09:50.

3rd February 2006, 11:52	#2 \| Link
tareek Registered User Join Date: Oct 2005 Location: California, USA Posts: 111	Contents / Index ( 01 of 02 ) : (Mods, Admins are always welcome to edit this or above post) Radio frequency (RF) : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , . TV Standards : NTSC : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , . PAL : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , . SECAM : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , . EDTV : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , . HDTV : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , . DTV : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , . TV Type : CRT : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , . DLP : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , . RP-LCD : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , . Plasma : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , . LCD (FP) : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , . LCoS : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , . SED : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , . Monitor Type: CRT : Pg 3 (by Tareek) , . LCD : Pg 3 (by Tareek) , . Projector Type: Film : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , . Audio Signal : SPDIF : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , . Video Signal : Composite Video : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , . S-Video : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , . Component : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , . SoG : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , . RGB : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , . VGA : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , . DV : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , . Connector : TRS : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , . RCA : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , . SCART : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , . VGA : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , . S-Video : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , . Tulip : Pg 3 (by Tareek) , . BNC : Pg 3 (by Tareek) , . RJ : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , . TOSLINK : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , . HDMI : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , . DVI : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , . Cable : Various Cables : Pg 2 (by Tareek) , . Co-Axial : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , . UTP : Pg 1 (by Tareek) , . Fibre Optics : Pg 3 (by Tareek) , . Wireless : Digital Compression : MPEG4 VC-1 __________________ - Tareek Last edited by tareek; 8th February 2006 at 07:41.

3rd February 2006, 11:52	#3 \| Link
tareek Registered User Join Date: Oct 2005 Location: California, USA Posts: 111	Contents / Index ( 02 of 02 ) : __________________ - Tareek Last edited by tareek; 5th February 2006 at 02:51.

3rd February 2006, 11:53	#4 \| Link
tareek Registered User Join Date: Oct 2005 Location: California, USA Posts: 111	Abbreviation / Hot / common word /terms : aka : Also Known As . Pg : Page . PM : Private Messege . __________________ - Tareek Last edited by tareek; 11th February 2006 at 09:30.

3rd February 2006, 11:54	#5 \| Link
tareek Registered User Join Date: Oct 2005 Location: California, USA Posts: 111	Data on Audio video __________________ - Tareek

3rd February 2006, 11:54	#6 \| Link
tareek Registered User Join Date: Oct 2005 Location: California, USA Posts: 111	RF : Radio Frequency . co-axial cable . RF connector (aka : F Connector/plug/socket, max 3 GHz) . __________________ - Tareek

3rd February 2006, 11:55	#7 \| Link
tareek Registered User Join Date: Oct 2005 Location: California, USA Posts: 111	NTSC : is mostly used in North America . National Television System Committee . RF audio-video pattern . TVs uses 60 Hz refresh rate . color info is at sub-carrier of 3.58 MHz (NTSC) (3.579545 MHz + 10 Hz) . by phase shifting this sub-carrier against the color sync signal (color burst), various hues are maintained . resolution : 640 x 482 (NTSC) , 320 x 482 (NTSC VHS) , 648 x 486 (NTSC Digital) , 720 x 486 (D-1 NTSC) , 720 x 540 (D-1 NTSC square px) , . __________________ - Tareek Last edited by tareek; 5th February 2006 at 01:08.

3rd February 2006, 11:56	#8 \| Link
tareek Registered User Join Date: Oct 2005 Location: California, USA Posts: 111	PAL : is mostly used in Asia, western Europe, throughout the Pacific, southern Africa . Phase Alternating Line . PAL uses wider channel bandwidth than NTSC, so better picture . TVs uses 50 Hz refresh rate . color info is at sub-carrier of 4.43 MHz (PAL) (4.43361875 MHz + 5 Hz) . by phase shifting this sub-carrier against the color sync signal (color burst), various hues are maintained . resolution : 720 x 576 (PAL) , 720 x 486 (PAL Digital) , 720 x 576 (D-1 PAL) , 768 x 576 (D-1 PAL square px) , . __________________ - Tareek Last edited by tareek; 5th February 2006 at 01:08.

3rd February 2006, 11:56	#9 \| Link
tareek Registered User Join Date: Oct 2005 Location: California, USA Posts: 111	SECAM : is mostly used in France, easter europe, middle east, africa . __________________ - Tareek

3rd February 2006, 11:57	#10 \| Link
tareek Registered User Join Date: Oct 2005 Location: California, USA Posts: 111	TV : Television . aka SDTV . Standard Definition Television . NTSC 480i . PAL 625i . i stands for Interlace Scan Format . p stands for Progressive Scan Format . in interlace scan mode, only odd numbered lines out of all the horizontal (picture) lines are displayed in one cycle of the picture scan on the screen . rest of the other even numbered lines are displayed in the next scan cycle . when tv displays all the horizontal picture lines in every/one cycle of the picture scan, then it is progressive scan, (like computer monitor) . progressive scan is better than interlace scan . uses RF transmission signals through air . or, directly supplied video signal, like, (composite) video, S-Video, component, RGB, DV, etc . color info is at sub-carrier of 4.43 MHz (PAL) (4.43361875 MHz + 5 Hz), 3.58 MHz (NTSC) (3.579545 MHz + 10 Hz) . by phase shifting this sub-carrier against the color sync signal (color burst), various hues are maintained . standard TV aspect ratio is 4:3 . Wide-screen (aka HDTV) tv aspect ratio is 16:9 . if source signal's aspect ratio is 1.78:1, it will fill up the full wide-screen tv . if it is 2.35:1, then you will see black bars at top & bottom (with full width) (aka letterboxing) . See Page 2 also, for various types of TV . __________________ - Tareek Last edited by tareek; 6th February 2006 at 09:39.

3rd February 2006, 11:57	#11 \| Link
tareek Registered User Join Date: Oct 2005 Location: California, USA Posts: 111	HDTV : High Definition TV . HDTV is better than Standard TV (PAL, NTSC, SECAM) . resolution : 1080i : 1920 x 1080 . Horizontal 1920 pixels per line . 1080 vertical lines . 720p : 1280 x 720 . Horizontal 1280 pixels per line . 720 vertical lines . uses 20 Mbps bandwidth . 16 x 9 aspect ratio screen . if source signal's aspect ratio is 1.78:1, it will fill up the full wide-screen tv . if it is 2.35:1 (anamorphic), then you will see black bars at top & bottom (with full width) (aka letterboxing) . __________________ - Tareek Last edited by tareek; 6th February 2006 at 05:21.

3rd February 2006, 11:58	#12 \| Link
tareek Registered User Join Date: Oct 2005 Location: California, USA Posts: 111	Digital Film Standard Resolution (aka Academy standard) 2048 x 1536 . __________________ - Tareek

3rd February 2006, 11:58	#13 \| Link
tareek Registered User Join Date: Oct 2005 Location: California, USA Posts: 111	Composite video : CVBS . aka : video, baseband video . one signal . better than RF (PAL, NTSC, SECAM) video signal . Chroma (colour Red-Green-Blue info), Video (monochrome info), Blanking (picture frame defining signal) and Sync (synchronising pulses for keeping the picture straight, horizontally and vertically) are mixed together . RCA connector . older models may contain BNC connector . or, SCART . Vertical sync pulse is 25 Hz (PAL) (aka : frame), 30 Hz (NTSC), so vertical field frequency is 50 Hz (PAL), 60 Hz (NTSC) . Horizontal Sync Pulse for NTSC is 525 (scanning lines per frame) x 30 (frames) =15750 Hz, for PAL it is 625 (lines) x 25 (frames) = 15625 Hz . normally, amplitude of composite video signal is 1 V p-p . __________________ - Tareek Last edited by tareek; 4th February 2006 at 18:56.

3rd February 2006, 11:59	#14 \| Link
tareek Registered User Join Date: Oct 2005 Location: California, USA Posts: 111	S-Video : Separate video . aka : Y/C, C/Y, super video, S-VHS . two analog signal . better than composite video signal . 4 pin mini-DIN (newer), 8 pin DIN (older), SCART, etc connector . use high quality 75 ohm co-axial cable (use less than 50 meters long cable, for good quality) . Luminance =Y =brightness signal (aka : LUMA), and, modulated chrominance =C =color subcarrier information/signal . those each signal, are using synchronized signal/ground 2 wires, so two signals have 4 wires . and the common/shielding is 1 wire . more luminance bandwidth info, and, less color crosstalk (aka : cross-color, moiré), than the composite video signal . so better than composite video signal . color is mixed (Cb & Cr) and can be PAL, NTSC or SECAM, etc . Code: S-Video 4 pin 7pin o o o o o o o o 1=Ground o o o 4 5 3 o 2=Ground o 4 w w 3 o o w w w o 3=Luminance o 2 w w 1 o o w w w w o 4=Chrominance o o o 2 6 7 1 o 5= - o o o o 6=Composite Vdo o o o o 7=Ground o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 1=Ground 2=Ground 3=Luminance 4=Chrominance __________________ - Tareek Last edited by tareek; 4th February 2006 at 18:43.

3rd February 2006, 12:01	#15 \| Link
tareek Registered User Join Date: Oct 2005 Location: California, USA Posts: 111	SCART connector : Syndicat des Constructeurs d'Appareils Radiorécepteurs et Téléviseurs (French-originated) . aka : Péritel (France), Euroconnector . 21-pin connector, EN50049 . for connecting audio-visual equipment together . can carry Composite, RGB, SVHS (S-Video), etc signals, as well as audio and other signal . better than other connectors . Code: male SCART port pinout +--------------------------------------------+ \| 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 / \| / \| 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 \| 21 +------------------------------------------+ (1). Audio output, right . (2). Audio input, right . (3). Audio output, left . (4). Audio ground . (5). Blue ground . (6). Audio input left . (7). Blue . (8). Function switching (see below) . (9). Green ground . (10). D²B input . (11). Green . (12). D²B output . (13). Red/Chroma (C) ground . (14). D²B ground . (15). Red/Chroma . (16). Fast switching (see below) . (17). Composite video ground/sync ground/Luminance (Y) ground . (18). Fast switching ground . (19). Composite video output/sync output/Luminance (Y) output . (20). Composite video input/sync input/Luminance (Y) input . (21). Common ground (metal shield) . __________________ - Tareek Last edited by tareek; 3rd February 2006 at 14:06.

3rd February 2006, 12:01	#16 \| Link
tareek Registered User Join Date: Oct 2005 Location: California, USA Posts: 111	Componet Video : aka : YPbPr, YCbCr, YUV . contains luminance (Y) signal and separate chrominance (PR and PB) elements . 3 signals . As each (separate) signals are maintained in their own medium (and not through one or two wires), a very very high quality picture with (very precise color representation) is possible . better than S-Video, composite video signal . Many DVD players have RCA connector for Y, Cb, and Cr video signals . Many HDTV have RCA connecor for Y, Pb, and Pr . Y signal contains Black & White composite video signal and Luminance Brightness info and composite sync info signal . Cr and Cb signals each contains matrixed color difference info to extract Red/Blue from the Y signal . when Red and Blue part is taken out (or, accounted for), remaining part must be Green . DVDs are usually encoded with component video signals, for high quality . supports progressive, non-interlaced signal . __________________ - Tareek Last edited by tareek; 4th February 2006 at 18:44.

3rd February 2006, 12:02	#17 \| Link
tareek Registered User Join Date: Oct 2005 Location: California, USA Posts: 111	SoG : aka : RGsB, Sync On Green, RGB+CompositeVideo . 3 signals . better than Component Video, S-Video, Composite Video signals . BNC connector . like RGB signal, but sync signal is mixed with Green color signal . __________________ - Tareek Last edited by tareek; 4th February 2006 at 18:55.

3rd February 2006, 12:03	#18 \| Link
tareek Registered User Join Date: Oct 2005 Location: California, USA Posts: 111	RGB : aka RGBS, RGB+CompositeSync . 4 signals . better than SoG, Component, S-Video, Composite Video signals . BNC connector . three different color (R, G, B) signals and one Composite Sync (S) signal containing H & V pulses . better than S-Video & component video signal . __________________ - Tareek Last edited by tareek; 4th February 2006 at 18:54.

3rd February 2006, 12:04	#19 \| Link
tareek Registered User Join Date: Oct 2005 Location: California, USA Posts: 111	VGA : five major analog signals . RGBHV . three RGB signal with two separatge sync signals . uses 15 pin High Density D-Type (VGA HD15) connector . better than RGB, SoG, Component, S-Video, Composite Video signals . non-interlaced . Code: VGA connector pinout +--------------------------------+ \ 1 2 3 4 5 / \ 6 7 8 9 10 / \ 11 12 13 14 15 / \ / \+----------------------+/ Pin Signal name Description (1) RED Red video signal . (2) GREEN Green video signal . (3) BLUE Blue video signal . (4) n.c. No connect . (5) GND Ground . (6) RED_RTN Red video signal return . (7) GREEN_RTN Green video signal return . (8) BLUE_RTN Blue video signal return . (9) n.c. No connect . (10) GND Ground . (11) n.c. No connect . (12) SDA I2C data . (13) HSYNC Horizontal synchronization signal . (14) VSYNC Vertical synchronization signal . (15) SCL I2C clock . __________________ - Tareek Last edited by tareek; 6th February 2006 at 09:47.

3rd February 2006, 12:05	#20 \| Link
tareek Registered User Join Date: Oct 2005 Location: California, USA Posts: 111	DV : Digital Video . aka : DV , Firewire . Firewire cable . iLink connector/port . no data loss . better than VGA, RGB, SoG, Component, S-Video, Composite Video signals . also depends on source's encoding, quality type . __________________ - Tareek Last edited by tareek; 8th February 2006 at 20:26.

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